Focus Your SMEs on the Process, Not the Theory

You are already aware that Instructional Designers and training work with subject matter experts (SMEs) on a daily basis. These individuals are experts in learning and development but may lack the expertise on a training topic. Luckily, SMEs are available to guide you through the process.

Every SME has a different background and a different perspective. This variety can be both good and bad. In my experience, I have found that a person's job and/or role has an impact on how SMEs view their work. For example, finance professionals tend to be transactional. Finance professionals can tell you how they get to point A to point B. Professionals with a science background such as architects, chemists, etc. place a strong emphasis on theory.

Today's article will focus on those with a science-based background.

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The biggest struggle with these SMEs is helping them find the critical information. These individuals typically believe that everything is critical for training. They prefer the "information dump" approach. Feed the learners everything there is to know. However, research shows this is not practical and reduces knowledge retention. It can be a struggle for an instructional designer. Allow me to share some of the practices I have learned working with these individuals.

1. Sometimes theory is necessary to the job. I hate to admit but sometimes your learners need to understand theory to perform a necessary task. This is okay as long as you avoid designing your class like a textbook or lecture. Instead, focus on the application of the theory. Ask your SMEs,"How do you use the theory to do this?" Consider incorporating real-world examples or walking learners through the theory with a real-life scenario. Remember, we want to make it applicable to their job.
2. Define and document the project scope clearly. Document everything and ensure they sign off. You may want to consider obtaining approval in writing for their records. 
3. Ask your SMEs to define the those who will be taking the training. What background do they have? What knowledge do they already know? You will find that learners typically already possess the background in theory. Either they learned it for the job or acquired it in college. 
4. Ask your SMEs how they approach the situation normally. What do they do to solve the problem? Consider shadowing them, if possible. This is not an option for me as my SMEs work with external clients. Do not be surprised if the SMEs refer back to theory. Gently remind them to refer to the task.
5. Be patient and plan for extra time in development. Do not be surprised if your SMEs revert back to theory or if you encounter pushback. Expect to hear the same questions at every meeting and emphasize your approach. Remember, your SMEs are not learning experts. That is your area of focus. Do not be surprised if the project takes longer than normal. Plan extra time in your timeline and take meeting notes. Documenting these delays can be helpful.
6. It is OK to be frustrated. There is nothing wrong with frustration or being annoyed. There are many times I want to bang my head against the table. However, you can not let this show. You must demonstrate patience and professionalism in front of your SMEs. Wait until you get back to your desk to let out your frustration. Better yet, take a walk right after the meeting. This can help you relieve the tension. I may sound shallow admitting this but do not forget that you are human. Emotions are acceptable as long as you manage them properly.

You may have additional tips about these SMEs as well. These are just some basic suggestions. Plus, every project is different. What tips do you have? What have you learned? Post your suggestions in the comments below!